Publications by Alan Robock on volcanic eruptions and climate

Volcanic Eruptions and Climate (222 MB - for teaching) (revised November 9, 2020)
You will also need the movie, pin.AVI

  1. Robock, Alan, 1978:  Internally and externally caused climate change. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 1111-1122.  PDF file (© Copyright 1978 AMS)

  2. Robock, Alan, 1979: The "Little Ice Age": Northern Hemisphere average observations and model calculations. Science, 206, 1402-1404.  PDF file

  3. Robock, Alan, 1981: A latitudinally dependent volcanic dust veil index, and its effect on climate simulations. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 11, 67-80.  PDF file

  4. Robock, Alan, 1981: The Mount St. Helens volcanic eruption of 18 May 1980: minimal climatic effect. Science, 212, 1383-1384.  PDF file

  5. Robock, Alan and Clifford Mass, 1982: The Mount St. Helens volcanic eruption of 18 May 1980: large short-term surface temperature effects. Science, 216, 628-630.   PDF file

  6. Mass, Clifford and Alan Robock, 1982: The short-term influence of the Mount St. Helens volcanic eruption on surface temperature in the Northwest United States. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 614-622.   PDF file (© Copyright 1982 AMS)

  7. Robock, Alan and Michael Matson, 1983: Circumglobal transport of the El Chichón volcanic dust cloud. Science, 221, 195-197.   PDF file

  8. Robock, Alan, 1983: The dust cloud of the century. Nature, 301, 373-374.   PDF file

  9. Robock, Alan, 1983: El Chichón provides test of volcanoes' influence on climate. Nat. Wea. Dig., 8, 40-45.

  10. Robock, Alan, 1984: Climate model simulations of the effects of the El Chichón eruption. Geofísica Internacional, 23, 403-414.  PDF file

  11. Matson, Michael and Alan Robock, 1984: Satellite detection of the 1982 El Chichón eruptions and stratospheric dust cloud. Geofísica Internacional, 23, 117-127.

  12. Robock, Alan, 1984: Review of Volcano Weather. Nat. Weather Dig., 9, 5-6.

  13. Robock, Alan, 1985: Detection of volcanic, CO2 and ENSO signals in surface air temperature. Adv. Space Res., 5, No. 6, 53-56.

  14. Robock, Alan, 1989: Volcanoes and climate. in Climate and Geo-Sciences: A Challenge for Science and Society in the 21st Century, A. Berger, S. Schneider, J. Cl. Duplessy, Eds., NATO ASI Series, Series C, Mathematical and physical sciences, no. 285, (Kluwer, Dordrecht), 309-314. (Invited paper)

  15. Robock, Alan, 1991: The volcanic contribution to climate change of the past 100 years. in Greenhouse-Gas-Induced Climatic Change: A Critical Appraisal of Simulations and Observations, M. E. Schlesinger, Ed., (Elsevier, Amsterdam), 429-444.

  16. Robock, Alan and Jianping Mao, 1992: Winter warming from large volcanic eruptions. Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 2405-2408. ABSTRACT  PDF file

  17. Graf, H.-F., I. Kirchner, A. Robock and I. Schult, 1993: Pinatubo eruption winter climate effects: model versus observations. Climate Dynamics, 9, 81-93. ABSTRACT  PDF file

  18. Robock, Alan and Yuhe Liu, 1994: The volcanic signal in Goddard Institute for Space Studies three-dimensional model simulations. J. Climate, 7, 44-55. ABSTRACT , PDF file (© Copyright 1994 AMS)

  19. Robock, Alan, 1994: Review of Year Without a Summer? World Climate in 1816, Climatic Change, 26, 105-108.  PDF file

  20. Robock, Alan and Jianping Mao, 1995: The volcanic signal in surface temperature observations. J. Climate, 8, 1086-1103. ABSTRACT , PDF file (© Copyright 1995 AMS)

  21. Robock, Alan and Melissa P. Free, 1995: Ice cores as an index of global volcanism from 1850 to the present. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 11,549-11,567. ABSTRACT , PDF file

  22. Robock, Alan, Karl E. Taylor, Georgiy L. Stenchikov, and Yuhe Liu, 1995: GCM evaluation of a mechanism for El Niño triggering by the El Chichón ash cloud. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 2369-2372. ABSTRACT , PDF file

  23. Mao, Jianping and Alan Robock, 1995: Report of AMIP Diagnostic Subproject 19, Part 2: The surface air temperature record in the AMIP simulations and the influence of El Chichón. Proceedings of the First International AMIP Scientific Conference, WCRP-92, WMO/TD-No. 732, W. L. Gates, Ed., (World Climate Research Programme, Geneva), 471-476. ABSTRACT

  24. Robock, Alan and Melissa P. Free, 1996: The volcanic record in ice cores for the past 2000 years. in Climatic Variations and Forcing Mechanisms of the Last 2000 Years, edited by P. D. Jones, R. S. Bradley, and J. Jouzel, (Springer-Verlag, Berlin), 533-546. ABSTRACT

  25. Robock, Alan, 1996: Stratospheric control of climate, Science, 272, 972-973.   PDF file  SUMMARY and CORRECTION

  26. Mao, Jianping and Alan Robock, 1998: Surface air temperature simulations by AMIP general circulation models: Volcanic and ENSO signals and systematic errors. J. Climate, 11, 1538-1552. ABSTRACT, PDF file (© Copyright 1998 AMS)

  27. Stenchikov, Georgiy L., Ingo Kirchner, Alan Robock, Hans-F. Graf, Juan Carlos Antuña, R. G. Grainger, Alyn Lambert, and Larry Thomason, 1998: Radiative forcing from the 1991 Mount Pinatubo volcanic eruption. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 13,837-13,857. ABSTRACT  PDF file

  28. Kelly, P. M., P. D. Jones, A. Robock, and K. R. Briffa, 1998: The contribution of Hubert H Lamb to the study of volcanic effects on climate. Weather, 53, 209-222. (Invited paper)  PDF file

  29. D'Arrigo, Rosanne D., Gordon C. Jacoby, Melissa Free, and Alan Robock, 1999: Northern Hemisphere annual to decadal temperature variability for the past three centuries: Tree-ring and model estimates. Climatic Change, 42, 663-675. ABSTRACT  PDF file

  30. Kirchner, Ingo, Georgiy L. Stenchikov, Hans-F. Graf, Alan Robock and Juan Carlos Antuña, 1999: Climate model simulation of winter warming and summer cooling following the 1991 Mount Pinatubo volcanic eruption. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 19,039-19,055. ABSTRACT, PDF file

  31. Free, Melissa, and Alan Robock, 1999: Global warming in the context of the Little Ice Age. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 19,057-19,070. ABSTRACT, PDF file

  32. Robock, Alan, 2000: Volcanic eruptions and climate. Rev. Geophys., 38, 191-219. (Invited paper) ABSTRACT, PDF file  Correction

  33. Ramachandran, S., V. Ramaswamy, Georgiy L. Stenchikov, and Alan Robock, 2000: Radiative impacts of the Mt. Pinatubo volcanic eruption: Lower stratospheric response. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 24,409-24,429. ABSTRACT, PDF file

  34. Robock, Alan, 2000: Volcanic eruptions and their impact on climate, Earth in Space, 12, No. 7, 9-10.

  35. Robock, Alan, 2001: Volcanic eruptions. in Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, vol. 1, Ted Munn, Ed., (John Wiley and Sons, London), 738-744. (Invited paper) PDF file

  36. Robock, Alan, 2001: Volcanic eruption, Tambora. in Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, vol. 1, Ted Munn, Ed., (John Wiley and Sons, London), 737-738. (Invited paper) PDF file

  37. Robock, Alan, 2001: Volcanic eruption, Mt. Pinatubo. in Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, vol. 1, Ted Munn, Ed., (John Wiley and Sons, London), 737. (Invited paper) PDF file

  38. Robock, Alan, 2001: Volcanic eruption, El Chichón. in Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, vol. 1, Ted Munn, Ed., (John Wiley and Sons, London), 736. (Invited paper) PDF file

  39. Robock, Alan and Juan Carlos Antuña, 2001: Support for a tropical lidar in Latin America. EOS, 82, 285, 289. PDF file

  40. Robock, Alan, 2001: Stratospheric forcing needed for dynamical seasonal prediction. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 82, 2189-2192. PDF file (© Copyright 2001 AMS)

  41. Antuña, Juan Carlos, Alan Robock, Georgiy L. Stenchikov, Larry W. Thomason, and John E. Barnes, 2002: Lidar validation of SAGE II aerosol measurements after the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption. J. Geophys. Res., 107 (D14), 4194, doi: 10.1029/2001JD001441. PDF file

  42. Stenchikov, Georgiy, Alan Robock, V. Ramaswamy, M. Daniel Schwarzkopf, Kevin Hamilton, and S. Ramachandran, 2002: Arctic Oscillation response to the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption: Effects of volcanic aerosols and ozone depletion. J. Geophys. Res., 107 (D24), 4803, doi:10.1029/2002JD002090. PDF file

  43. Robock, Alan, 2002: Pinatubo eruption: The climatic aftermath, Science, 295, 1242-1244. (Invited paper) Summary, Full text, PDF file

  44. Robock, Alan, 2002: Les leçons climatiques du Pinatubo, Le Figaro, February 15, 2002, p. 11. (French translation of above Science article, published in Paris newspaper, Le Figaro) PDF file of entire page (2.4 MB), PDF file of article only (0.5 MB)

  45. Soden, Brian J., Richard T. Wetherald, Georgiy L. Stenchikov, and Alan Robock, 2002: Global cooling following the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo: A test of climate feedback by water vapor. Science, 296, 727-730. PDF file
    (Del Genio, Anthony D., 2002: The dust settles on water vapor feedback. Science, 296, 665-666. [Perspective article about Soden et al.] PDF file)

  46. Robock, Alan, 2002: Blowin' in the wind: Research priorities for climate effects of volcanic eruptions. EOS, 83, 472. PDF file [Meeting report on the Chapman Conference on Volcanism and the Earth's Atmosphere, Thera, Greece, June 17-21, 2002. See book of papers resulting from this conference ( Robock and Oppenheimer, 2003) below.]

  47. Robock, Alan, 2003: Volcanoes: Role in climate. in Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences, J. Holton, J. A. Curry, and J. Pyle, Eds., (Academic Press, London), 10.1006/rwas.2002.0169, 2494-2500. (Invited paper) PDF file

  48. Antuña, Juan Carlos, Alan Robock, Georgiy Stenchikov, Jun Zhou, Christine David, John Barnes, and Larry Thomason, 2003:  Spatial and temporal variability of the stratospheric aerosol cloud produced by the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption.  J. Geophys. Res., 108 (D20), 4624, doi:10.1029/2003JD003722. PDF file

  49. Robock, Alan, and Clive Oppenheimer, Eds., 2003:  Volcanism and the Earth’s Atmosphere, Geophysical Monograph 139, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 360 pp.
    50. Click here for front and back covers and picture captions    Click here to buy book 

  50. Robock, Alan, and Clive Oppenheimer, 2003:  Preface. in Volcanism and the Earth’s Atmosphere, Alan Robock and Clive Oppenheimer, Eds. (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC), vii-viii.  PDF file

  51. Robock, Alan, 2003: Introduction: Mount Pinatubo as a test of climate feedback mechanisms, in Volcanism and the Earth’s Atmosphere, Alan Robock and Clive Oppenheimer, Eds. (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC), 1-8. PDF file

  52. Textor, Christiane, Hans-F. Graf, Claudia Timmreck, and Alan Robock, 2004:  Emissions from volcanoes, Chapter 7 of Emissions of Atmospheric Trace Compounds, Claire Granier, Paulo Artaxo, and Claire Reeves, Eds., (Kluwer, Dordrecht), 269-303.  PDF file

  53. Robock, Alan, 2004: Climatic impact of volcanic emissions, in State of the Planet, R. S. J. Sparks and C. J. Hawkesworth, Eds., Geophysical Monograph 150, IUGG Volume 19, (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC), 125-134. PDF file

  54. Stenchikov, Georgiy, Kevin Hamilton, Alan Robock, V. Ramaswamy, and M. Daniel Schwarzkopf, 2004: Arctic Oscillation response to the 1991 Pinatubo eruption in the SKYHI GCM with a realistic Quasi-Biennial Oscillation.   J. Geophys. Res., 109, D03112, doi:10.1029/2003JD003699.  PDF file

  55. Seidel, Dian, James Angell, Alan Robock, Bruce Hicks, Karin Labitzke, John Lanzante, Jennifer Logan, Jerry Mahlman, V. Ramaswamy, Bill Randel, Eugene Rasmusson, Rebecca Ross, and S. Fred Singer, 2005:  Jim Angell’s contributions to meteorology: Report from a symposium honoring him on his 80th birthday.   Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc., 86, 403-410.  PDF file   (© Copyright 2005 AMS)

  56. Oman, Luke, Alan Robock, Georgiy Stenchikov, Gavin A. Schmidt, and Reto Ruedy, 2005:  Climatic response to high latitude volcanic eruptions.  J. Geophys. Res, 110 (D13), D13103, doi:10.1029/2004JD005487.  PDF file

  57. Robock, Alan, 2005:  Cooling following large volcanic eruptions corrected for the effect of diffuse radiation on tree rings.  Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L06702, doi:10.1029/2004GL022116.  PDF file

  58. Robock, Alan, 2005:  Comment on “Climate forcing by the volcanic eruption of Mount Pinatubo” by David H. Douglass and Robert S. Knox.  Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L20711, doi:10.1029/2005GL023287.  PDF file

  59. Stenchikov, Georgiy, Kevin Hamilton, Ronald J. Stouffer, Alan Robock, V. Ramaswamy, Ben Santer, and Hans-F. Graf, 2006:  Arctic Oscillation response to volcanic eruptions in the IPCC AR4 climate models.  J. Geophys. Res., 111, D07107, doi:10.1029/2005JD006286.   PDF file

  60. Gao, Chaochao, Alan Robock, Stephen Self, Jeffrey Witter, J. P. Steffenson, Henrik Brink Clausen, Marie-Louise Siggaard-Andersen, Sigfus Johnsen, Paul A. Mayewski, and Caspar Ammann, 2006:  The 1452 or 1453 A.D. Kuwae eruption signal derived from multiple ice core records: Greatest volcanic sulfate event of the past 700 years.  J. Geophys. Res., 111, D12107, doi:10.1029/2005JD006710.  PDF file    Featured as a Research Highlight in Nature, July 6, 2006.

  61. Oman, Luke, Alan Robock, Georgiy L. Stenchikov, Thorvaldur Thordarson, Dorothy Koch, Drew T. Shindell, and Chaochao Gao, 2006:  Modeling the distribution of the volcanic aerosol cloud from the 1783-1784 Laki eruption.  J. Geophys. Res., 111, D12209, doi:10.1029/2005JD006899.    PDF file

  62. Oman, Luke, Alan Robock, Georgiy L. Stenchikov, and Thorvaldur Thordarson, 2006:  High-latitude eruptions cast shadow over the African monsoon and the flow of the Nile.  Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L18711, doi:10.1029/2006GL027665. PDF file

  63. Ramaswamy, V., S. Ramachandran, Georgiy Stenchikov, and Alan Robock, 2006:  A model study of the effect of Pinatubo volcanic aerosols on stratospheric temperatures, Chapter 6 of Frontiers of Climate Modeling, J. Kiehl and V. Ramanathan (eds.) (Cambridge Univ. Press, New York), 152-178.

  64. Bodeker, G. E. and D. W. Waugh (Lead Authors), H. Akiyoshi, P. Braesicke, V. Eyring, D. W. Fahey, E. Manzini, M. J. Newchurch, R. W. Portmann, A. Robock, K. P. Shine, W. Steinbrecht, and E. C. Weatherhead, 2007:  The Ozone Layer in the 21st Century, Chapter 6 of Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006, (World Meteorological Organization, Geneva), 6.1-6.43. PDF file

  65. Gao, Chaochao, Luke Oman, Alan Robock, and Georgiy L. Stenchikov, 2007:  Atmospheric volcanic loading derived from bipolar ice cores accounting for the spatial distribution of volcanic deposition.  J. Geophys. Res., 112, D09109, doi:10.1029/2006JD007461.  PDF file

  66. Robock, Alan, Tyler Adams, Mary Moore, Luke Oman, and Georgiy Stenchikov, 2007:  Southern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation effects of the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption.  Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L23710, doi:10.1029/2007GL031403.  PDF file

  67. Gao, Chaochao, Alan Robock, and Caspar Ammann, 2008:  Volcanic forcing of climate over the past 1500 years: An improved ice-core-based index for climate models.  J. Geophys. Res., 113, D23111, doi:10.1029/2008JD010239.  PDF file  Correction1  Correction2  NOTE:  The version of the paper here includes the corrections, which do nothing to change the data set or the conclusions.

  68. Robock, Alan, Caspar M. Ammann, Luke Oman, Drew Shindell, Samuel Levis, and Georgiy Stenchikov, 2009: Did the Toba volcanic eruption of ~74 ka B.P. produce widespread glaciation?  J. Geophys. Res., 114, D10107, doi:10.1029/2008JD011652.  PDF file

  69. Kravitz, Ben, Alan Robock, and Adam Bourassa, 2010:  Negligible climatic effects from the 2008 Okmok and Kasatochi volcanic eruptions.   J. Geophys. Res., 115, D00L05, doi:10.1029/2009JD013525.  PDF file

  70. Robock, Alan, 2010: New START, Eyjafjallajökull, and Nuclear Winter. Eos, 91 (47), 444-445, doi:10.1029/2010ES003201.   PDF file

  71. Kravitz, Ben, and Alan Robock, 2011: The climate effects of high latitude volcanic eruptions: The role of the time of year.  J. Geophys. Res., 116, D01105, doi:10.1029/ 2010JD014448.  PDF file

  72. Kravitz, Ben, Alan Robock, Adam Bourassa, Terry Deshler, Decheng Wu, Ina Mattis, Fanny Finger, Anne Hoffmann, Christoph Ritter, Lubna Bitar, Thomas J. Duck, and John E. Barnes, 2011: Simulation and observations of stratospheric aerosols from the 2009 Sarychev volcanic eruption. J. Geophys. Res., 116, D18211, doi:10.1029/2010JD015501.  PDF file

  73. Bourassa, Adam E., Alan Robock, William J. Randel, Terry Deshler, Landon A. Rieger, Nicholas D. Lloyd, E. J. (Ted) Llewellyn, and Douglas A. Degenstein, 2012: Large volcanic aerosol load in the stratosphere linked to Asian monsoon transport. Science, 337, 78-81, doi:10.1126/science.1219371.   PDF file

  74. Driscoll, Simon, Alessio Bozzo, Lesley J. Gray, Alan Robock, and Georgiy Stenchikov, 2012: Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) simulations of climate following volcanic eruptions.  J. Geophys. Res., 117, D17105, doi:10.1029/2012JD017607.  PDF file

  75. Robock, Alan, Michael R. Rampino, Thorvaldur Thordarson, and Stephen Self, 2012: Volcanism and the atmosphere: AGU Chapman Conference on Volcanism and the Earth’s Atmosphere; Selfoss, Iceland, 10–16 June 2012. Eos, 93, 511-512, doi:10.1029/2012ES004014.  PDF file   Supplemental Information (PDF file)

  76. Schmidt, Anja, Thorvaldur Thordarson, Luke D. Oman, Alan Robock, and Stephen Self, 2012: Climatic impact of the long-lasting 1783 Laki eruption: Inapplicability of mass-independent sulfur isotopic composition measurements. J. Geophys. Res., 117, D23116, doi:10.1029/2012JD018414.  PDF file

  77. Berdahl, Mira, and Alan Robock, 2013: Baffin Island snow extent sensitivity: Insights from a regional climate model.  J. Geophys. Res., 118, 3506–3519, doi:10.1002/jgrd.50249.    PDF file 

  78. Bourassa, Adam E., Alan Robock, William J. Randel, Terry Deshler, Landon A. Rieger, Nicholas D. Lloyd, E. J. (Ted) Llewellyn, and Douglas A. Degenstein, 2013: Response to comments on “Large volcanic aerosol load in the stratosphere linked to Asian monsoon transport.” Science, 339, 647, doi:10.1126/science.1227961.  PDF file

  79. Berdahl, Mira, and Alan Robock, 2013: Northern Hemisphere cryosphere response to volcanic eruptions in the Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project 3 last millennium simulations. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 12,359-12,370, doi:10.1002/2013JD019914.   PDF file 

  80. Robock, Alan, 2013: The latest on volcanic eruptions and climate, Eos, 94, 305-306, doi: 10.1002/2013EO350001. (Invited paper)   PDF file

  81. Robock, Alan, 2013: Lessons of volcanic eruptions, AGU blog, http://spc.agu.org/2013/lessons-of-volcanic-eruptions/  (Invited paper)

  82. Schmidt, Anja, Thorvaldur Thordarson, Luke D. Oman, Alan Robock, and Stephen Self, 2014: Reply to comment by Cole-Dai et al. on “Climatic impact of the long-lasting Laki eruption: Inapplicability of mass-independent sulfur isotope composition measurements.” J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 119, 6636-6637, doi:10.1002/2013JD021440.     PDF file

  83. Ding, Yanni, James A. Carton, Gennady A. Chepurin, Georgiy Stenchikov, Alan Robock, Lori T. Sentman, and John P. Krasting, 2014: Ocean response to volcanic eruptions in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) simulations. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 119, 5622-5637, doi:10.1002/2013JC009780.     PDF file

  84. Robock, Alan, 2014: Reply to Comment on “The Latest on Volcanic Eruptions and Climate.” Eos, 95(39), 353.     PDF file

  85. Schmidt, Anja, and Alan Robock, 2015: Volcanism, the atmosphere, and climate through time, Chap. 13 of Volcanism and Global Environmental Change, Anja Schmidt, Кirsten E. Fristad, and Linda T. Elkins-Tanton, Eds., (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK), 195-207.   PDF file

  86. Robock, Alan, 2015: Climatic impacts of volcanic eruptions, Chapter 53 in Encyclopedia of Volcanoes, Second Edition, Haraldur Sigurdsson (editor-in-chief), Bruce Houghton, Stephen R. McNutt, Hazel Rymer and John Styx (editors) (Elsevier, Amsterdam), 935-942.  PDF file

  87. Robock, Alan, 2015: Volcanoes: Role in climate. In Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences, 2nd Edition, Gerald R. North (editor-in-chief), John Pyle and Fuqing Zhang (editors), Vol. 2, 105-111. (Invited paper)     PDF file 

  88. Robock, Alan, 2015: Important research questions on volcanic eruptions and climate. Past Global Changes Magazine, 23(2), 68.    PDF file

  89. Zanchettin, Davide, C. Timmreck, M. Khodri, A. Robock, A. Rubino, A. Schmidt, and M. Toohey, 2015: A coordinated modeling assessment of the climate response to volcanic forcing. Past Global Changes Magazine, 23(2), 54-55.     PDF file

  90. Zanchettin, Davide, Myriam Khodri, Claudia Timmreck, Matthew Toohey, Anja Schmidt, Edwin P. Gerber, Gabriele Hegerl, Alan Robock, Francesco S. Pausata, William T. Ball, Susanne E. Bauer, Slimane Bekki, Sandip S. Dhomse, Allegra N. LeGrande, Graham W. Mann, Lauren Marshall, Michael Mills, Marion Marchand, Ulrike Niemeier, Virginie Paulain, Eugene Rozanov, Angelo Rubino, Andrea Stenke, Kostas Tsigaridis, and Fiona Tummon, 2016: The Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP): Experimental design and forcing input data for CMIP6. Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 2701-2719, doi:10.5194/gmd-9-2701-2016.     PDF file

  91. Raible, Christoph C., Stefan Brönnimann, Renate Auchmann, Philip Brohan, Thomas L. Frölicher, Hans-F. Graf, Phil Jones, Jürg Luterbacher, Stefan Muthers, Alan Robock, Stephen Self, Adjat Sudrajat, Claudia Timmreck, and Martin Wegmann, 2016: Tambora 1815 as a test case for high impact volcanic eruptions: Earth system effects. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 7, 569-589, doi:10.1002/wcc.407.    PDF file

  92. Zambri, Brian, and Alan Robock, 2016: Winter warming and summer monsoon reduction after volcanic eruptions in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) simulations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 43, 10,920-10,928, doi:10.1002/2016GL070460.     PDF file

  93. Zambri, Brian, Allegra N. LeGrande, Alan Robock, and Joanna Slawinska, 2017: Northern Hemisphere winter warming and summer monsoon reduction after volcanic eruptions over the last millennium. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 122, 7971-7989, doi:10.1002/2017JD026728.     PDF file

  94. Khodri, Myriam, Takeshi Izumo, Jérôme Vialard, Serge Janicot, Christophe Cassou, Matthieu Lengaigne, Juliette Mignot, Guillaume Gastineau, Eric Guilyardi, Nicolas Lebas, Alan Robock, and Michael J. McPhaden, 2017: Tropical explosive volcanic eruptions can trigger El Niño by cooling tropical Africa. Nature Communications, 8, 778, doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00755-6.      PDF file

  95. Prata, Fred, Alan Robock, and Richard Hamblyn, 2018: The sky in Edvard Munch’s The Scream. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc., 99, 1377-1390, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0144.1.     PDF file

  96. Newhall, Christopher, Stephen Self, and Alan Robock, 2018: Anticipating future Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) 7 eruptions and their chilling impacts. Geosphere, 14, No. 2, 1-32, doi:10.1130/GES01513.1.     PDF file

  97. Marshall, Lauren, Anja Schmidt, Matthew Toohey, Ken Carslaw, Graham Mann, Michael Sigl, Myriam Khodri, Claudia Timmreck, Davide Zanchettin, William Ball, Slimane Bekki, James Brooke, Sandip Dhomse, Colin Johnson, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Allegra LeGrande, Michael Mills, Ulrike Niemeier, James O. Pope, Virginie Poulain, Alan Robock, Eugene Rozanov, Andrea Stenke, Timofei Sukhodolov, Simone Tilmes, Kostas Tsigaridis, and Fiona Tummon, 2018: Multi-model comparison of the volcanic sulfate deposition from the 1815 eruption of Mt. Tambora. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 2307-2328, doi:10.5194/acp-2017-729.     PDF file

  98. Slawinska, Joanna, and Alan Robock, 2018: Impact of volcanic eruptions on decadal to centennial fluctuations of Arctic sea ice extent during the last millennium and on initiation of the Little Ice Age. J. Climate, 31, 2145-2167, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0498.1.     PDF file

  99. Zambri, Brian, Alan Robock, Michael J. Mills, and Anja Schmidt, 2019a: Modeling the 1783–1784 Laki eruption in Iceland, Part I: Aerosol evolution and global stratospheric circulation impacts. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 124, 6750-6769, doi:10.1029/ 2018JD029553.     PDF file

  100. Zambri, Brian, Alan Robock, Michael J. Mills, and Anja Schmidt, 2019b: Modeling the 1783–1784 Laki eruption in Iceland, Part II: Climate impacts. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 124, 6770-6790, doi:10.1029/2018JD029554.     PDF file

  101. Baldwin, Mark P., Thomas Birner, Guy Brasseur, John Burrows, Neal Butchart, Rolando Garcia, Marvin Geller, Lesley Gray, Kevin Hamilton, Nili Harnik, Michaela I. Hegglin, Ulrike Langematz, Alan Robock, Kaoru Sato, and Adam A. Scaife, 2019: Advances in understanding the stratosphere and mesosphere, 1920–2020. Meteorological Monographs, 59, 27.1-27.62, doi:10.1175/AMSMONOGRAPHS-D-19-0003.1.     PDF file

  102. Robock, Alan, 2020: Comment on “No consistent ENSO response to volcanic forcing over the last millennium.” Science, 369 (6509), eabc0502, doi:10.1126/science.abc0502.    PDF file

  103. Clyne, Margot, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Michael J. Mills, Myriam Khodri, William Ball, Slimane Bekki, Sandip S. Dhomse, Nicholas Lebas, Graham Mann, Lauren Marshall, Ulrike Niemeier, Virginie Poulain, Alan Robock, Eugene Rozanov, Anja Schmidt, Andrea Stenke, Timofei Sukhodolov, Claudia Timmreck, Matthew Toohey, Fiona Tummon, Davide Zanchettin, Yunqian Zhu, and Owen B. Toon, 2021: Model physics and chemistry causing intermodel disagreement within the VolMIP-Tambora Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol ensemble. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 3317-3343, doi:10.5194/acp-21-3317-2021.     PDF file

  104. Coupe, Joshua, and Alan Robock, 2021: The influence of stratospheric soot and sulfate aerosols on the Northern Hemisphere wintertime atmospheric circulation. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 126, e2020JD034513, doi:10.1029/2020JD034513.   PDF file

  105. Gao, Chaochao, Francis Ludlow, Al Matthews, Alexander R. Stine, Alan Robock, Yuqing Pan, Richard Breen, Brianán Nolan, and Michael Sigl, 2021: Volcanic climate impacts can act as ultimate and proximate causes of Chinese dynastic collapse. Communications Earth & Environment, 2, 234, doi:10.1038/s43247-021-00284-7.  PDF file

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Prepared by Alan Robock (robock@envsci.rutgers.edu) - Last updated on June 15, 2022